Overview

The Effects

Treatment Options

Treatment Options

Supportive Care: 

Maintaining airway patency, assisted ventilation (bag-valve mask or mechanical ventilation), oxygen therapy, and hemodynamic support (IV fluids, vasopressors if needed).

Antidote: 

Naloxone (Narcan) is the primary antidote for valeryl fentanyl overdose. Due to the potency of fentanyl analogs, higher or repeated doses of naloxone may be required compared to standard opioid overdoses.

Pharmacokinetics and Dynamics

Metabolism: 

Valeryl fentanyl is believed to be metabolized by the liver via cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially CYP3A4, similar to fentanyl. It is broken down into inactive metabolites and primarily excreted in the urine.

Drug-Drug Interactions: 

Valeryl fentanyl can have dangerous interactions with other central nervous system depressants like alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and other opioids, greatly increasing the risk of respiratory depression and death. Combining it with stimulants ("speedballing") can also unpredictably stress the heart and lungs.